Hi Paresh,
Thanks for sharing this.

Yes the City Sanitation plans (CSPs) that had prepared for Wai and Sinnar had details around integrated Waste management.

Also as you may recollect that for Sanitation it had a phasewise approach - to first focus on making the city ODF and implement FSSM and in 2nd phase then take up management of greywater through settled sewer and treatment system.

Also one more point to highlight that apart from integrated planning of the sectors, it is also important to look at the potential sources of finance and whether this investment helps us attain the outcomes that we have envisaged. This has also been captured in the CSP

Here are some reference documents related to the CSP that were developed for Wai  and Sinnar  
Also happy to share that these CSPs are being implemented by these cities.

Also see this paper by Prof Meeraji and Prof. Dineshji on - City sanitation ladder: moving from household to citywide sanitation assessment  . This talks about integrated management of Wastewater, Storm water, SWM and how cities can move up the Sanitation ladder.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Aasim

Dear Abhishek,

The importance of looking at Water, Sanitation, SWM and Hygiene is well ingrained in various national policies and missions in India. In November 2008 the government of India launched a national urban sanitation policy with the goal of creating what it calls "totally sanitized cities" that are open-defecation free, safely collect and treat all their wastewater, eliminate manual scavenging and collect and dispose solid waste safely. The templates of City Sanitation Plan always look at WASH and SWM in an integrated manner. (mohua.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/NUSP_0.pdf). The recent Safaimitra Suraksha Challenge by the Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs there is a direct integration of SWM and drains clogging and how this impacts the sanitation workers. (swachhbharaturban.gov.in/). The launch of Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 and AMRUT 2.0 on the same day yesterday is again an example of looking at integration. 

Hence the understanding exists and is deeply acknowledged. What is missing is availability of time, human resource capacities and funding for taking up integrated approaches to implementation. 

Dear Abishek,

I thought i should point out a related discussion taking place on the forum :'The SWM Problem in Lusaka, Zambia (sub-Sahara Africa) and its interaction with onsite and offsite sanitation: what are the possible solutions?'forum.susana.org/208-solid-waste-managem...ible-solutions#32561 

It was posted by Rabson Banda a Masters student at the University of Zambia. I can imagine Rabson may have some interest on this subject Abishek. His profile here on SuSanA can be found here: forum.susana.org/forum/profile/17013-rbanda 

Other related discussions on SuSanA include:
forum.susana.org/208-solid-waste-managem...rce-recovery-options

forum.susana.org/208-solid-waste-managem...e-the-mitigation-gap

Kind Regards,
Chaiwe

Dear Abishek, dear all,

An interesting proposition!  It has always bothered me that WASH and SWM are seen as separate fields which are usually dealt with by different people with little interaction with each other.  I personally have been seeing sanitation and waste management (also known as home sanitation and street sanitation) as a continuum, both with great relevance to water supply.

Some 10 years ago, when I was working as an advisor for the Town Council of Adjumani in Northern Uganda, I tried to find a way of integrating solid waste management and sanitation in the town.  I am attaching a short paper that is introducing the approach that was taken.  The practical link with water supply was that the water of some hand operated wells within the town area had high nitrate concentrations and/or coliform counts, a lot of times due to nearby pit latrines.

In hindsight, I'd say that the most successful component of the project was the construction of household ecosan toilets (as opposed to communal ecosan toilets, which were less successful).  When I left as an advisor, more than 100 household ecosan toilets had been built with private funds of which many are still in operation.  The two larger facilities facilities, however, which were constructed as part of the project, a sludge treatment facility and a small composting facility, are nowadays both dysfunctional - see my other post " Looking for funding for the renovation of a composting and a sludge treatment facility in Adjumani, Uganda ".

Dear All, 

Many of us have surely talked about the interactions between Water, Sanitation and Solid Waste Management. We might have even seen how in our projects, we cannot truly reap the benefits of safe sanitation, without proper solid waste management or access to clear water. For e.g., littering from poor solid waste management clogs toilets  / small bore sewers, or how poorly built septic tanks/sewers affect the water sources and diminishing the health benefits of improved toilets. 

At Sandec (Department of Water, Sanitation and Solid Waste) at Eawag, this thought has been in name already. So during the lockdowns of last year, different groups came together and really explored the synergies and similarities between these three inter-twinned sectors. 

The result of it is this publication "Advancements in and Integration of Water, Sanitation, and Solid Waste for Low- and Middle-Income Countries" published in the Annual Reviews of Environment and Resources. It will be available on open access starting October 2021. But should still be available for subscribers. If someone wants a copy earlier, I am also happy to share the pre-print via email. 

Link to publication: www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/an...nviron-030620-042304 

The article has 3 parts:
1. Review of advancements of Water, Sanitation and Solid waste between 2000-2020 as technologies, planning, and management. 
2. Synthesis of these advancements and seeing where the similarities and difference lie. 
3. Proposing the basis for an integrated approach to reap co-benefits from positive interactions. 

Attached is an image of the negative interactions that are widely seen in the current settings. 



One aspect that we think needs to further research, is how exactly integrated planning could happen. If the SuSanA community could help with the following questions - that would be great!

1. Are there any good examples of integrated planning / implementation of these three sectors? 
2. Are are ideas on how such an integrated planning could take place? 
3. Are there reasons why we did not actively pursue integrated and synergistic planning ? 

Thank you !!