Dear Colleagues:

Links to each of the studies, reports, etc. listed below are on Sanitation Updates . Please contact me if you would like to be added to the mailing list for the USAID/OFDA and UNICEF Emergency WASH Google Group.

Please see the note below from Tom Corellis and be sure to check out the website he refers to. We have been asked to compile biweekly updates on specific Emergency WASH topics and issues so starting with this update, the first biweekly update each month will be a webliography of the most recent Emergency WASH studies, reports, resources, etc. The second monthly biweekly update will focus on a specific Emergency WASH topic. We have listed some possible topics below and welcome your suggestions.

Member Update

Tom Corellis, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. – Colleagues, Shelter Centre, which I direct, is a long-standing global partner of the WASH Cluster and developed with OFDA support www.humanitarianlibrary.org. To our knowledge, this contains one of the largest collections on WASH. It is crowd-sourced and community moderated, meaning your members can share knowledge onto it and collate that knowledge into collections useful to their work. We have WASH interns working around the world adding to their Collections.

Recent Journal Articles

The link between mental health and safe drinking water behaviors in a vulnerable population in rural Malawi. BMC Psychology, July 8. This research is especially relevant in emergency contexts, as it indicates that mental health measures before any WASH interventions will make them more effective.

Cholera prevention and control in refugee settings: Successes and continued challenges. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Jun. Cholera continues to be a significant problem in humanitarian settings, with recent outbreaks in displaced populations in South Sudan, Yemen, Cameroon, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Haiti, and Iraq. The success of cholera prevention and control in refugee camps over the past 2 decades highlights the possibility of managing this deadly disease, even in complicated humanitarian crises.

Residual Maintenance Using Sodium Hypochlorite, Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate, and Chlorine Dioxide in Laboratory Waters of Varying Turbidity. Special Issue – Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Humanitarian Contexts, June 2019. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) are commonly used for household water treatment (HWT); chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a potential new HWT option.

Recent Reports

Ready for the Dry Years: Building resilience to drought in South-East Asia. UN ESCAP, June 2019. The study identifies actions that states can individually and collectively undertake to mitigate the impacts of drought and proposes three priority areas of intervention.

Climate change adaptation and resilience and water, sanitation and hygiene: links between SDG 13 and SDG 6. WaterAid, July 2019. Climate change is water change. Climate change is often discussed in terms of carbon emissions, but people feel the impacts largely through water.

Policy Brief on Climate Change and Water launched during High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development. UN Water, July 12. In the side-event titled Deep dive: Climate change and water, UN-Water launched an update of its Policy Brief on Climate Change and Water.

Impacts of increasing community resilience through humanitarian aid in Pakistan. International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), June 2019. This impact evaluation sheds light on whether and how vulnerabilities to negative shocks can be reduced.

Epidemiological data analysis for the early warning alert and response network (EWARN) in humanitarian emergencies: a quick reference handbook. WHO, 2019. This handbook is intended for country-level epidemiologists and surveillance officers who work in data analysis and the production of epidemiological reports for dissemination to stakeholders to inform the need for public health interventions, or the effect of ongoing interventions.

Recent Blogs/News

Three things we’ve learned about measuring quality in humanitarian WASH responses. Oxfam Blog, July 10, 2019. Back in January, we introduced the Quality Assurance and Accountability Project (QAAP) – a Global WASH Cluster initiative led by Oxfam, in partnership with Solidarités International, Tufts University, and UNICEF. The project supports humanitarian WASH coordinators to go beyond simple headline indicators to understand – and ultimately improve – the quality of our work.

Bill Frist: Lessons not learned in Congo’s Ebola outbreak. Fox News, July 6. Getting WASH into health care facilities is a solvable problem. When I served as U.S. Senate majority leader, I drafted legislation to formalize U.S. policy addressing the overall lack of safe water and sanitation in developing nations.

24TH Global Wash Cluster Meeting: Successful step to save the right of access to water and sanitation. ReliefWeb, June 2019. 180 representatives from all humanitarian water and sanitation sectors had agreed, during the first two days of the symposium, to identify five priority recommendations to be presented to the Emergency Directors on Thursday, June 20, 2019.

New Resources

Global WASH Cluster YouTube Channel – The channel appears to be new and has 3 videos so far as well as several useful playlists.

Emergency WASH Biweekly Updates, August – December 2019, draft editorial calendar

The first biweekly update each month will be a webliography of the most recent Emergency WASH studies, reports, resources, etc. The second monthly biweekly update will focus on a specific Emergency WASH topic. Below are some topic ideas and we welcome your suggestions:

Brainstorming topics

- Cholera prevention and control
- Disaster Risk Reduction
- Household water treatment in humanitarian situations
- Fecal sludge management in humanitarian situations
- WASH innovations in humanitarian situations
- WASH and nomadic populations in humanitarian situations
- Others?

Dear Colleagues:

Links to each of the resources listed below are on Sanitation Updates .

REPORTS

User-Centred Design,(UCD) and Humanitarian Adaptiveness. ALNAP, April 2019.
This case study seeks to explore the utility, applicability and effectiveness of UCD in supporting humanitarian adaptiveness, and to understand whether UCD can enable humanitarian actors to be more adaptive. Chapter 4 gives examples of applying UCD in the design of emergency sanitation.

Cesspits and Soakpits. Global Water Pathogen Project, March 2019.
A soak pit is a covered, porous-walled chamber that allows water to slowly soak into the ground. A cesspit (cesspool) is a holding tank (or pit) designed for collection and storage of sewage or other waste for short periods.

Emergency Sanitation Guidelines Beira, updated on the 11th of April 2019. WASH Cluster Mozambique, April 2019.
The objective of this document is to provide technical guidance to partners implementing sanitation emergency programs and interventions in settlements. This document has been prepared by the Sanitation Technical Working Group, under the WASH cluster Beira.

No Time to Wait: Securing the future from drug-resistant infections. WHO, April 2019.
“Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest threats we face as a global community. This report reflects the depth and scope of the response needed to curb its rise and protect a century of progress in health,” said Ms. Amina Mohammed, UN Deputy Secretary-General and Co-Chair of the IACG.

VIDEOS

Humanitarian WASH Innovation. Elhra, April 2019. 31 videos discuss and describe a wide range of WASH innovations in humanitarian situations.

JOURNAL ARTICLES

Community Engagement in WASH Emergencies: Understanding Barriers and Enablers Based on Action Research from Bangladesh and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Water, April 2019. This article presents key findings from Oxfam’s recent responses in Bangladesh and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), describing the process of building trust and identifying barriers and enablers to meaningful CE in emergencies.

Evaluation of an Emergency Bulk Chlorination Project Targeting Drinking Water Vendors in Cholera-Affected Wards of Dar es Salaam and Morogoro, Tanzania. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, April 2019. The results suggest high acceptability and use of the chlorine tablets by water vendors. However, given variation in the water source used and longer storage times, dosing could be increased in future programming. Bulk chlorination using chlorine tablets offers an efficient community-level approach to treating water closer to the point of use.

Impacts of Intermittent Water Supply on Water Quality in Two Palestinian Refugee Camps. Water, March 2019. In both camps, average residual chlorine concentrations were higher in the community tanks than in rooftop tanks. The main factor influencing water quality deterioration in rooftop tanks in Aida Camp appears to be air temperature. We recommend more systematic water testing in the camps and greater transparency in reporting test results to camp residents.

Food safety considerations for commercial complementary foods from global operational guidance on infant and young child feeding in emergencies. Nutrition Reviews, February 2019. The aim of this review was to identify and synthesize available food safety guidance on the use of CCF in humanitarian emergencies.

BLOG POSTS

Are Communal Tiger Worm Toilets a sustainable option for camps? Oxfam Policy and Practice, April 11, 2019. We tested Communal Tiger Worm Toilets in challenging conditions in Myanmar, and evaluated their sustainability. The ‘Tiger Team’ talk us through their findings. We have compiled the learning from this project in an easy-to-read manual, which is free to download. It includes the decision tree alongside all our designs.

One Person’s Trash is Another Person’s Treasure. USAID/OFDA on Medium, March 2019. In the Philippines, Marissa Cabalan has found a way to turn garbage into opportunity. There’s also an added bonus: She is helping her whole community prepare for disasters in the process.

Largest-ever sewage treatment plant opens in Bangladesh refugee camp Cox's Bazar. The Telegraph, April 2019. The largest sewage treatment facility ever constructed in a refugee camp has opened in Bangladesh and has been heralded as a huge step forward in the management of humanitarian crises

TRAINING EVENTS

Market-Based Programming for WASH in Emergencies – The objective is to build the capacity of WASH practitioners and sector coordinators to evaluate the relevancy and use of market-based approaches (including CVA) to achieve WASH outcomes. The German WASH Network has decided to support the implementation of the training with kind support of the Federal Foreign Office of Germany. The German Toilet Organization will organize and co-facilitate the two upcoming trainings in South-East Asia and Europe.

New training pack makes learning about the Sphere standards easier for all. Sphere, April 2019.
Sphere has just released an updated version of its comprehensive training pack to support humanitarian professionals wishing to learn more about Sphere and humanitarian standards or deliver training themselves.

Dear Colleagues:

Links to each of the resources below are posted on Sanitation Updates .

We have set up a shared google doc of key Emergency WASH resources to monitor for new reports, studies, webinars, upcoming events, etc. Please review and let us know if you have additional resources that should be added.

Emergency WASH Websites, Online Guides and Other Resources (April 24, 2019 update)

Recent Online Toolkits/Guides/Resource Centers

Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies. EAWAG, 2016. This second, revised edition of the Compendium presents a huge range of information on sanitation systems and technologies in one volume. By ordering and structuring tried and tested technologies into once concise document, the reader is provided with a useful planning tool for making more informed decisions.

Menstrual Hygiene Management in Emergencies - The MHM in Emergencies project is a collaboration between Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health and the International Rescue Committee. The project has developed an MHM in emergencies toolkit and formative assessments were conducted in two humanitarian response settings.

Humanitarian Innovation Guide. Elrha, 2018. The Guide is written with two audiences in mind: humanitarian practitioners who are seeking to develop a new approach to their work and want to apply an innovation lens to solving problems; and social entrepreneurs from outside the sector who have identified an opportunity to engage with the sector and need a humanitarian framework to contextualise their innovation plans.

Resource Centers

Global WASH Cluster Resource Centre – The GWC Resource includes evidence-based publications and guidance related to WASH interventions for emergency response scenarios. The repository includes 130 of technical emergency WASH documents so far. The number of documents will be regularly incremented.

Humanitarian Library – Water, Sanitation and Hygiene – This online library contains more than 400 WASH related reports and studies.

Working Groups/Google Groups

Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) Working Group 8—Emergency & Reconstruction Situations – The objective of this working group is to combine the knowledge from experts in the fields of sanitation with the knowledge from experts in the field of emergency response and reconstruction. Resources on the website include a factsheet, a library, and the report, Preferences for Accessing Emergency WASH Knowledge.

Emergency WASH Google Group – The Global WASH Cluster and USAID manages this information sharing forum. Its purpose is to provide group members with current research, upcoming events, etc. related to WASH issues in emergency situations.

Emergency WASH Organizations and Websites

Action Against Hunger/Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - In 2017, Action Against Hunger's Water, Sanitation & Hygiene programs reached 6.2 million people around the world.

EAWAG—Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies – The Strategic Environmental Sanitation Planning Group is leading various efforts to support the humanitarian sector in terms of emergency WASH. Resources include the online course Introduction to Public Health Engineering in Humanitarian Contexts.

Elhra - A global charity that finds solutions to complex humanitarian problems through research and innovation.

Elhra – Evidence and Co-ordination for WASH – The demand for a WASH research agenda has recently increased, reflecting the desire to fill the gaps in evidence required for effective and efficient humanitarian interventions. This demand led to our R2HC program convening a meeting in June last year, bringing together fourteen WASH experts representing international response agencies, research institutions and donor organizations active in the field of humanitarian WASH.

Global WASH Cluster (GWC) – The GWC was formed in 2006, building upon the successes of an existing WASH humanitarian sector working group. The GWC is an open and formal platform for humanitarian WASH actors to work together and now consists of 76 members. Some resources on the GWC website include the 2018 Mid-Year Report, January–June 2018, news and events, and additional information.

Globalwaters.org - Globalwaters.org is supported by the USAID Water Team, with the aim of fostering global knowledge and collaboration for sustainable water, sanitation, and hygiene access for all. The website contains an Emergency WASH section with reports and links.

Oxfam – Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Our work encompasses public health emergency responses in humanitarian crisis, as well as a holistic, adaptable and sustainable water resource management approach for development projects including governance of water resources.

UNHCR Water Sanitation and Hygiene Technical Website - Guidelines, references, tools and technical designs for refugee settings.

Tufts University Institute of the Environment - WASH in International Development and Humanitarian Response - The WASH track prepares students for careers as water, sanitation, and hygiene professionals in international development and humanitarian response.

UNICEF WASH - UNICEF’s water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) team works in over 100 countries worldwide to improve water and sanitation services, as well as basic hygiene practices. In times of crisis children are particularly vulnerable; UNICEF responds and provides emergency relief to those in need.

USAID Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)/Water, Sanitation and Hygiene – OFDA is responsible for leading and coordinating the U.S. Government’s response to disasters overseas and responds to an average of 65 disasters in more than 50 countries every year. The latest OFDA Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Sector Update provides a description of OFDA efforts to support WASH programs in more than 40 countries.

USAID/OFDA on Medium – Stories and articles on OFDA projects and initiatives.
WHO – Environmental Health in Emergencies – This website section has links to WHO reports and other resources on Ebola, cholera, household water treatment, technical notes, etc.

WASH EM - Improving Handwashing behavior change programs in humanitarian crises. A software-based decision-making tool that helps humanitarian actors design rapid, evidence-based and context-specific hygiene programs.

Dear Colleagues:

Links to the full-text of each of the items below can be found on Sanitation Updates . Please let us know if you have specific Emergency WASH topics that we can feature in upcoming Emergency WASH updates.

Emergency WASH Update – December 14, 2018

Blog Posts

Where are the evidence gaps in the water, sanitation and hygiene sector? Evidence Matters, December 12, 2018.
Going forward, there is still a lot we don’t know and, beyond looking at new, innovative technologies, there are a few gaps (or opportunities) the sector needs to look at if we want to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): More studies on vulnerable populations: We found no studies that looked at (or even captured information on) people living with a disability. We found one rigorous impact evaluation focusing on people living with HIV, two on refugee camps, and one on people living through, or in the immediate aftermath, of a humanitarian crisis.

Sandra Ruckstuhl on Capturing Practical Lessons on Water, Conflict, and Cooperation. New Security Beat, December 14, 2018.
We realized “there was a need for a toolkit on water,” says Sandra Ruckstuhl in this week’s Water Stories podcast, “with a focus of conflict and conflict mitigation, but also peacebuilding.” Ruckstuhl, a consultant for the World Bank who has researched water programs in Yemen and the Middle East, helped the Wilson Center produce USAID’s Water and Conflict toolkit.

Handwashing Station Almost Ready for Action. Elrha, December 2018.
Oxfam’s Promotion and Practice Handwashing Kit is a robust, user-friendly handwashing station that is easily set-up in the immediate aftermath of a disaster, allowing for improved, timely handwashing at critical moments and reducing people’s health risks in emergency displacement camps.

Sharing Experiences and Advocating for Improved MHM Action in Emergencies. Elrha, December 2018.
IFRC’s project aims to improve actions to address the menstrual hygiene needs of women and girls in humanitarian contexts. Evidence-based lessons and resources from operational research in East Africa on innovative ‘MHM kits’, along with other IFRC experiences, will be consolidated and disseminated globally.

Human Rights Day: WASH during Emergencies. CLTS Foundation, December 2018. This article discusses some of the hardware and software innovations for WASH during emergencies.

New Academic Programs in the Field of Humanitarian Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene at GJU. German Jordanian University, December 2, 2018.
The president, Bioforce Institute Director of operations, and the ACF Regional Representative signed a cooperation agreement to launch the preparation phase for a Humanitarian WaSH academic program with funding from USAID/OFDA.

Reports

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Post-Emergency Contexts: A study on establishing sustainable service delivery models. UNHCR and Oxfam, December 2018.
As many humanitarian crises are protracted in nature, emergency WASH services need to be sustained once humanitarian agencies depart. This report aims to review and identify alternative service delivery options, and to provide some pragmatic guidance that can be incorporated into emergency response programs and tested, evaluated and built on in the future.

Book Reviews

Health in Humanitarian Emergencies: Principles and Practice for Public Health and Healthcare Practitioners. 2018. Edited by David Townes, Mike Gerber, and Mike Anderson. 485 pp. Cambridge University Press. There is no doubt that every humanitarian health professional should have this book on their desk when planning, implementing, and evaluating humanitarian interventions.

USAID Water Office Emergency WASH Resources

The USAID Globalwaters.org website has an Emergency WASH page which contains links to key Emergency WASH organizations and publications.

Selected Articles from Global Waters on Medium – USAID Global Waters tells the story of USAID’s water-related efforts around the globe.

- From Satellite to Village, Turning Data into Action
- RESILIM: Addressing the Water Shortage Puzzle in Southern Africa
- Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Unites Communities in War-Torn South Sudan
- Quiet Heroes in the Fight against Ebola

Selected 2018 Issues of Water Currents – Water Currents is a biweekly compilation of recent research on a specific WASH topic.

- Water Currents – Water Utilities, Dec 13, 2018
- Water Currents – Citywide Inclusive Sanitation, Oct 23, 2018
- Water Currents – Global Handwashing Day 2018
- Water Currents – WASH in Emergencies, September 19, 2018
- Water Currents – Water, Ecosystems and Human Development, August 22, 2018
- Water Currents – WASH and Freshwater Conservation, August 7, 2018
- Water Currents – WASH and the Systems Approach, July 10, 2018
- Water Currents – Annual State of Handwashing Research, June 18, 2018
- Water Currents – Menstrual Hygiene Day, May 22, 2018
- Water Currents – WASH & Human-Centered Design, April 17, 2018
- Water Currents – Water & Data, April 3, 2018
- Water Currents – Water Conflict, February 6, 2018
- Water Currents – Fecal Sludge Management, January 17, 2018

Dear Colleagues:

The latest Water Currents issue in on WASH in Emergencies and has more than 20 recent studies, links to websites, etc and the link to the complete issue is:

www.globalwaters.org/resources/assets/wa...nts-wash-emergencies

Below are excerpts from the Introduction:

Emergency water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is a critical component of USAID’s humanitarian assistance for vulnerable populations, who are much more susceptible to diseases related to inadequate sanitation and water supplies.

USAID responds to emergency WASH needs through the Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance, including the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), responsible for leading and coordinating the U.S. Government’s response to disasters overseas, and the Office of Food for Peace, responsible for leading the U.S. Government's international food assistance efforts. Combined, these two offices ensure that emergency and life-saving WASH needs of vulnerable populations are met in disaster, conflict, and early recovery operations. Where appropriate, emergency WASH connects to, supports, or aligns with the work that USAID will carry out under its Water and Development Plan to increase water and sanitation access, and is an important complementary result.

This issue contains several reviews and evaluations of WASH in emergency interventions as well as recent manuals and guidelines on appropriate technologies, disease outbreaks, menstrual hygiene management, and other topics. In addition to producing Water Currents, the USAID Water Team also publishes a biweekly bulletin of the latest studies and events related to WASH in emergencies, so contact us if you would like to subscribe to the bulletin. Stay tuned for a new Emergency WASH page on the Globalwaters.org website in the near future.

hello , I am Atef Solimam eng , atef thank you for this report ,

How is the WASH program implemented? anyone who can send some more information about the program and different technologies used I will appreciate. It will be a pleasure to implement in my community.

Yes some of those were helpful. I read the solar lightning one with much interest (both current upcoming work and also since I was involved in the construction of those in norther Uganda). The ones about the Rohingya crisis were also helpful, but I think they were already shared by the working group here in Cox's Bazar.

Of current interest for me were also these two:
documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/88093...r-pumping-the-basics
www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operati...er-pumping-miniguide

Very useful fan

Thank you

Dear Colleagues:

If it would be useful to Working Group members, each month we would like to compile and distribute a listing of new publications, research, events, etc. related to WASH in Emergencies issues.

Could you please review the listing of recent publications and resources below and let us know if this is useful to you? We also welcome your suggestions for other types of information that would be useful to you.

Recent Reports

Water Management in Fragile Systems: Building Resilience to Shocks and Protracted Crises in The Middle East and North Africa . FAO; World Bank, August 2018. This paper brings together these two issues – water and fragility – to discuss how they are related and how they should be addressed. It describes how institutional failures to address water-related challenges can act as risk multipliers, compounding existing situations of fragility, and how improving water management can contribute to building resilience in the face of protracted crises.

Shedding Light on Humanitarian Sanitation . Proceedings of the 41st WEDC International Conference, July 2018.
Lighting should be provided for WASH facilities in Humanitarian contexts according to several standards. A three-country research project looking at the impact of lighting on WASH use and GenderBased Violence (GBV) required a multi-disciplinary approach, combining OXFAM’s practical implementing expertise with WEDC’s research-orientated approach. The provision of lighting was welcomed by a wide range of stakeholders, but other factors still affect both GBV and WASH outcomes.

Community Engagement in Sanitation: A Landscape Review . Humanitarian Innovation Fund (HIF); Oxfam, August 2018.
Despite its perceived importance, the evidence suggests that community engagement in all sectors of humanitarian response is often limited and rarely monitored or evaluated. Sanitation projects may involve the community only in the construction phase as a paid labor force, or as a cash-for-work initiative.

Water Supply in a War Zone: A Preliminary Analysis of Two Urban Water Tanker Supply Systems in the Republic of Yemen . World Bank, July 2018.
This discussion paper presents assessments of basic features of urban water supply systems in Sana’a and Aden, a detailed profile of the tanker truck service structure, including supply chain mapping, value chain analysis, and an assessment of changes to the sector since the war began. It also covers institutional support structure for the water sector, well-to-consumer supply chain, water quality, well operations, tanker trucks water delivery services, and household water demand.

Multi-Purpose Cash and Sectoral Outcomes: A Review of Evidence and Learning . UNHCR, May 2018. Little evidence exists on the effectiveness of multi-purpose cash in delivering WASH outcomes – access to water, sanitation and hygiene – in humanitarian contexts.

A Bacteriological Water Quality Issue: Rohingya “Forcefully Displaced Myanmar Citizen” Camp in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh . ICDDR,B, August 26, 2018.
This factsheet is aimed to provide evidence-based information on microbiological and chemical quality of drinking water collected from the Rohingya camps in Cox’s Bazar. Throughout the project duration, water samples were collected from 3527 water points (tube wells, tap stands and water trucks).

Water in the Time of Drought: Lessons from Five Droughts around the World . InterAmerican Development Bank, August 2018.
This policy brief examines drought situations, explores successes and pitfalls in the response mechanisms, and extracts valuable lessons to assist decision makers in dealing with droughts, providing practical guidance in terms of urban planning and management.

Journal Articles

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association between Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Exposures and Cholera in Case–Control Studies . American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, August 2, 2018. Improved hygiene demonstrated the greatest reduction in the odds of cholera, whereas open defecation most increased the odds of cholera. Among the predicted protective factors, neither improved water source nor improved sanitation was associated with cholera.

Persistence of Ebola Virus after the End of Widespread Transmission in Liberia: An Outbreak Report . Lancet Infectious Diseases, July 23, 2018.
Investigation of the source of infection for the November 2015 outbreak provides evidence of Ebola virus persistence and highlights the risk for outbreaks after interruption of active transmission. These findings underscore the need for focused prevention efforts among survivors and sustained capacity to rapidly detect and respond to new Ebola virus disease cases to prevent recurrence of a widespread outbreak.

News/Blog Posts

Working with Women in Rohingya Refugee Camps to Make Toilets Safer . Oxfam, August 24, 2018. Freya explained that the preliminary designs use screens to make latrine entrances more private, rather than the doors opening directly into the camps as they do at the moment: “Women told us it’s important for them not to feel stared at when entering or leaving the toilets. We want to make the routes into the toilets and washing facilities less obvious and more private, so that women feel more comfortable to use these facilities.” The two young architects also helped design places where women could keep their menstruation products and encouraged the construction of more single sex toilet facilities.

New Handwashing Stand Being Trialled for Refugees . ECJ, August 24, 2018. The new stand features a drip tray and drainage system to prevent the formation of puddles while the one-touch tap is said to be easy to operate and minimize hand contact. The unit has sturdy tripod legs to support the 30 litre water reservoir and the tap gives out 100ml of water at a time - claimed to be just the right amount to encourage proper handwashing.

Kenyan Nonprofit’s Innovative Aerial Water System Just Won the World’s Largest Humanitarian Prize . Quartz Africa, August 24, 2018. Shofco’s aerial water network consists of overhead pipes supported by wooden poles that connect to 10 water kiosks throughout Kibera, allowing clean water to flow through pipes in the air without fear of tampering by cartels who divert water to private vendors.

Organizations/Websites (Please let us know of additional organizations to include)

Global WASH Cluster (GWC) - The GWC was formed in 2006, building upon the successes of an existing WASH humanitarian sector working group. The GWC is an open and formal platform for humanitarian WASH actors to work together and now consists of 76 members. Some resources on the GWC website include the 22018 Mid-Year Report, January – June 2018 , News and Events and additional information.

Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) Working Group 8 - Emergency & Reconstruction Situations - The objective of this working group is to combine the knowledge from experts in the fields of sanitation with the knowledge from experts in the field of emergency response and reconstruction. Resources on the website include a Factsheet, a Library and other resources.

EAWAG - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies - The Strategic Environmental Sanitation Planning group is leading various efforts to support the humanitarian sector in terms of emergency WASH. Resources include the Compendium of Sanitation Technologies and the online course Introduction to Public Health Engineering in Humanitarian Contexts.

Emergency WASH Google Group - This group is maintained by the Global WASH Cluster and USAID. Its purpose is to share information among group members about current research, upcoming events, etc. related to water, sanitation and hygiene issues in emergency situations.

Best regards,
Dan Campbell