Turning Tides: A Journey Towards Safety and Dignity for Sanitation Workers in Urban India

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  • Deputy Director at Urban Management Centre (UMC), India. Working with governments to strengthen urban sanitation, enhance the dignity and safety of sanitation workers, and promote inclusive, resilient, and well-governed cities.
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Turning Tides: A Journey Towards Safety and Dignity for Sanitation Workers in Urban India

Turning Tides: A Journey Towards Safety and Dignity for Sanitation Workers in Urban India

Authored by Manvita Baradi and Meghna Malhotra, this publication by the Urban Management Centre (UMC) documents over a decade of work supporting national and state governments in India to ensure the safety, dignity, and inclusion of sanitation workers.

About the publication:
Sanitation work in India has long been informal, hazardous, and stigmatised. Through collaborative efforts with the Governments of Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, UMC has supported the design and roll-out of comprehensive programs such as Garima, Sanitation Workers Development Scheme (SWDS), and NAMASTE, all of which institutionalise worker safety, social protection, and recognition.

Key themes covered include:
• Legal frameworks and constitutional safeguards for sanitation workers
• Institutionalising safety through the Garima (Odisha) and SWDS (Tamil Nadu) schemes
• Digital systems like SHWAS, BMS, and EMS for worker enumeration and employer compliance
• Standardised PPE and mechanisation for safe sanitation
• Health monitoring and Garima Griha rest centres
• Recognition of sanitation work as a skilled profession with revised wage structures
• Livelihood creation through women’s SHGs and urban partnerships
• IEC and behavioural change for inclusive urban systems

Why it matters:
Turning Tides bridges the policy-practice gap by providing a replicable framework for cities to implement occupational safety, social protection, and livelihood enhancement for sanitation workers, aligning with SDGs 3, 6, and 8.

📘 Read the publication here
🔖 ISBN: 978-93-6128-539-4
📅 Published: December 2023 | © Urban Management Centre

We invite members of the SuSanA community to share parallel experiences, policies, or capacity-building approaches that promote dignity and safety for sanitation workers worldwide.

— *Meghna Malhotra*
Deputy Director, Urban Management Centre (UMC), India
Meghna Malhotra
Deputy Director, Urban Management Centre (UMC) – Ahmedabad, India

Urban Management Centre (UMC) is a not-for-profit organisation working with national and state governments to build capacities for inclusive and resilient urban governance.

Over the past decade, UMC has supported transformative sanitation initiatives such as:
• Garima (Odisha) – ensuring safety, dignity, and inclusion of sanitation workers
• Sanitation Workers Development Scheme (Tamil Nadu) – institutionalising welfare systems
• NAMASTE – supporting the national mission for sanitation worker empowerment
• City Livelihoods Action Plans (CLAP) – integrating urban livelihoods and gender inclusion

Visit: www.umcasia.org

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