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New resources on container-based sanitation - and discussion about greenhouse gas emissions
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Re: New resources on container-based sanitation - and discussion about greenhouse gas emissions

Hi, Elisabeth,
I have an opportunity to promote CBS in a high building in Shen Zhen city. This discussion gives me valuable information to convince the decision maker.
Thanks.
Scott
I have an opportunity to promote CBS in a high building in Shen Zhen city. This discussion gives me valuable information to convince the decision maker.
Thanks.
Scott
The general manager of SHEN ZHEN BLUE WATERS AND GREEN MOUNTAINS LTD , the sole importer of Separett AB waterless toilets in China.
Chen Xiang Yang, an apple dealer,is growing apples and cherries with the human waste collected from 31 school UDDTs donated by SOHO China Foundation, based in Tianshui City, Gansu Province , China. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., tel:0086 151 9380 3972
Chen Xiang Yang, an apple dealer,is growing apples and cherries with the human waste collected from 31 school UDDTs donated by SOHO China Foundation, based in Tianshui City, Gansu Province , China. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., tel:0086 151 9380 3972
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- Chaiwe
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- A Capacity Development and Knowledge Management Expert in WASH, Climate Change and Gender. CEO of CaDev_Capacity Development (An African Social Enterprise)
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Re: New resources on container-based sanitation - and discussion about greenhouse gas emissions

Dear Kory and Elisabeth,
I find this point quite interesting as well:
However, I have not looked at findings to back up my argument and eagerly await a more scientific explanation to the point above.
Regards,
Chaiwe
I find this point quite interesting as well:
Just based on my own assumptions, I would say that the emission contributions from sanitation are heavily attributed to the treatment options. This is both in the case of Offsite and Onsite sanitation. Both common onsite and offsite treatment options create conducive environments for the generation of methane in the absence of technologies that trap and make use of the gas. I, therefore, agree that container-based sanitation limits the generation of methane gas, however, we cannot completely agree unless we are sure that once the sludge is collected, the treatment options that follow adequately mitigate emissions...."Sanitation is a significant contributor, producing roughly 2–6% of global man-made methane" and "Findings from a new, scientifically robust sanitation emissions impact calculator, demonstrate that container-based sanitation (CBS) can significantly reduce global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from sanitation".
However, I have not looked at findings to back up my argument and eagerly await a more scientific explanation to the point above.
Regards,
Chaiwe
SuSanA Forum Moderator
Skat Foundation (With financial support by GIZ and SIRWASH up to November 2023)
Chaiwe Mushauko-Sanderse BSc. NRM, MPH
Independent consultant located in Lusaka, Zambia
Emails: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/chaiwe-mushauko-sanderse-21709129/
Twitter: @ChaiweSanderse
Skat Foundation (With financial support by GIZ and SIRWASH up to November 2023)
Chaiwe Mushauko-Sanderse BSc. NRM, MPH
Independent consultant located in Lusaka, Zambia
Emails: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/chaiwe-mushauko-sanderse-21709129/
Twitter: @ChaiweSanderse
Re: New resources on container-based sanitation - and discussion about greenhouse gas emissions

Hi Kory,
I also have a question for you:
Your factsheet ( link ) states that: "Sanitation is a significant contributor, producing roughly 2–6% of global man-made methane" and "Findings from a new, scientifically robust sanitation emissions impact calculator, demonstrate that container-based sanitation (CBS) can significantly reduce global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from sanitation".
Could you please expand on this and point us to the more detailed publications where this is spelled out? Should this figure of 2-6% be something that we lock into our heads and use in discussions freely? Is it reliable? What are the upper and lower limits of the estimate based on?
I plan to weave some of this information into the Wikipedia article on sanitation & climate change:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitation#Climate_change
Regards,
Elisabeth
P.S. I had mentioned your paper also in another forum post here: forum.susana.org/195-climate-change-and-...-cdkn-and-fcfa#31430
I also have a question for you:
Your factsheet ( link ) states that: "Sanitation is a significant contributor, producing roughly 2–6% of global man-made methane" and "Findings from a new, scientifically robust sanitation emissions impact calculator, demonstrate that container-based sanitation (CBS) can significantly reduce global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from sanitation".
Could you please expand on this and point us to the more detailed publications where this is spelled out? Should this figure of 2-6% be something that we lock into our heads and use in discussions freely? Is it reliable? What are the upper and lower limits of the estimate based on?
I plan to weave some of this information into the Wikipedia article on sanitation & climate change:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitation#Climate_change
Regards,
Elisabeth
P.S. I had mentioned your paper also in another forum post here: forum.susana.org/195-climate-change-and-...-cdkn-and-fcfa#31430
Dr. Elisabeth von Muench
Independent consultant located in Ulm, Germany
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Twitter: @EvMuench
Founder of WikiProject Sanitation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sanitation
My Wikipedia user profile: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:EMsmile
Independent consultant located in Ulm, Germany
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Twitter: @EvMuench
Founder of WikiProject Sanitation: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sanitation
My Wikipedia user profile: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:EMsmile
- RanF
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Re: 2020 World Toilet Day Updates from the Container Based Sanitation Alliance

kcrussel wrote: ...
And with climate change and sustainable sanitation in mind this World Toilet Day, also sharing a few recently published resources looking at the climate change mitigation potential of CBS systems: Supporting the shift to climate positive sanitation Virtual UNC Water and Health poster presentation
...
Dear Kory,
from the depicted process flow chart in the link above it seems like you did not consider any emissions from the container-based toilettes themselves, or they were left outside the project boundaries. Or am I wrong?
I assume that containers are not immediately emptied and hence there will be some emissions, even if the conditions are quite aerobic. If we consider IPCC guidelines for composting for example, which might be a good approximation, it states emission factors for CH4 and N2O.
Best,
Ranjin
Ranjin Fernando
Water & Climate Consultant
Water & Climate Consultant
- kcrussel
-
Topic Author
- I am an Assistant Professor of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon. I research water and sanitation solutions in resource-constrained environments. I am also the Chair of the Container Based Sanitation Alliance.
2020 World Toilet Day Updates from the Container Based Sanitation Alliance

Sharing a couple of new resources on container-based sanitation for your perusal (You can find all these resources at the newly launched CBSA website (
https://cbsa.global/
)):
Container-Based Sanitation implementation guide What is container-based sanitation, why is it needed and what does implementation look like? This new resource provides an introduction to CBS business models, technical specifications, health and safety and monitoring and more.
How cost analysis dispels myths about container-based sanitation
EY research looking at CBS cost effectiveness .
And with climate change and sustainable sanitation in mind this World Toilet Day, also sharing a few recently published resources looking at the climate change mitigation potential of CBS systems: Supporting the shift to climate positive sanitation Virtual UNC Water and Health poster presentation
Lastly: A paper published in 2019 on the potential and barriers to taking CBS to scale
Container-Based Sanitation implementation guide What is container-based sanitation, why is it needed and what does implementation look like? This new resource provides an introduction to CBS business models, technical specifications, health and safety and monitoring and more.
How cost analysis dispels myths about container-based sanitation
EY research looking at CBS cost effectiveness .
And with climate change and sustainable sanitation in mind this World Toilet Day, also sharing a few recently published resources looking at the climate change mitigation potential of CBS systems: Supporting the shift to climate positive sanitation Virtual UNC Water and Health poster presentation
Lastly: A paper published in 2019 on the potential and barriers to taking CBS to scale
Kory C. Russel
Assistant Professor | Landscape Architecture | Environmental Studies
College of Design | College of Arts and Sciences
University of Oregon
Chair of Container-Based Sanitation Alliance
korychristrussel.wixsite.com/mysite
on Twitter @korycrussel
Assistant Professor | Landscape Architecture | Environmental Studies
College of Design | College of Arts and Sciences
University of Oregon
Chair of Container-Based Sanitation Alliance
korychristrussel.wixsite.com/mysite
on Twitter @korycrussel
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