Dear Moses,

I think it would be good to look into some of Peter Morgans work. The the arboor-loo may be a very suitable option here. They are quite cost effective. In case you are not familiar with this concept. The idea is that you have a movable toilet super structure (house) and squatting plate that you put over a shallow pit. Then when you use the toilet you add soil to the pit, once the pit is full (about 1 year) you move the toilet to a new pit. You then plant a tree on the old pit.

This means, no handling of excreta or even composted excreta and trees can have benefits to pastoralists also. Depending on which trees are planted, they can be used for fodder or if the people are fine with it they can be fruit trees.

Kind regards

Marijn

Dear Moses,
I can advise you to get in touch with Elmer Sayre who has done quite some work with Muslim communities and UDDTs in the Philippines (he is also active in this forum - just search). There are plenty of designs for anal washing, either for squatting or sitting. I would guess that in such a pastorialist community with no activity in agriculture you would infiltrate urine and anal washwater in the ground. This can of course cause groundwater pollution in areas with a high ground water table and well permabile soils. So it would be necessary to located the toilet at least 30 meters from the water source e.g. shallow well to safeguard water quality. You could also plant nutrient hungry trees next to the infiltration area which would absorb nutrients and water, thereby slowing down or even stopping a deeper infiltration into the groundwater. In the hot and rather dry areas of Kenya this should be the case. Look at the post from Wajir in Kenya on the ecosankenya blog ecosankenya.blogspot.de/2011/01/ecosan-in-wajir-town-aldef.html.

You can also have a look in the latest version of the UDDT Technology Review with design elements for urine and anal washwater infiltration. www.susana.org/lang-en/library?view=ccbktypeitem&type=2&id=874

Cheers
Christian

I have been involved in Ecosan awareness Creation in Pastrolist Muslim community in Kenya.
The biggest challenge was how to sell this technology to such people whose culture and religion does not support handling of human waste leave alone reuse. They also dont practice any form of agriculture due to the prevailing climatic condition. The issue of having anal cleansing water from school UDDTs polluting the environment is still an issue.
Someone who has done similar project can advice me please.
Moses Wakala-ecosanity services