Vol 3 of WHO publication:
www.susana.org/lang-en/library?view=ccbktypeitem&type=2&id=350

Vol 4 of WHO publication:
www.susana.org/lang-en/library?view=ccbktypeitem&type=2&id=1004

F H Mughal

Some more publications...

F H Mughal

Some more publications attached........
And one link:
www.susana.org/lang-en/library?view=ccbktypeitem&type=2&id=1782

F H Mughal

Water is becoming a limiting factor in many countries and, especially in arid areas. In the province of Sindh, Pakistan, there are almost chronic drinking water shortages in most cities. Indus River, at its last leg, before draining in the sea, runs dry most of the time (9 out of 12 months). On the other hand, large volumes of water are required for irrigation.

In many countries, development planners are looking for alternate sources of water. Water is also becoming a source of conflicts in some regions. Some countries in Middle-East, where annual precipitation is lower than 200 mm, depend on small rivers and underground aquifers for water. Drinking water comes from costly water desalination plants.

In such situations, source substitution appears to be the most appropriate alternative, especially when it comes to the use of water for irrigation and industrial purposes. For wastewater use in irrigation and agriculture, FAO and WHO has specified some guidelines, since use of wastewater poses some health risks. The wastewater needs to meet water quality guidelines, before it can be used for irrigation.

I’m interesting in knowing the status of wastewater use in various countries. Those colleagues, who have the reports, may kindly share the information through this forum. On my part, I’m sharing some publications, which includes 2 publications of IWMI on Pakistan.

F H Mughal