INTRODUCTION
The City of Kisumu Urban Areas Association(CKUAA) is a body corporate dully registered under the Societies Act Cap108 Laws of Kenya as a Non-Religious, Non-Political and Not-For-Profit making welfare organization whose mission is to transform the City of Kisumu, through collaborative partnership, into a better place to live, work and visit. CKUAAaims to transform the City of Kisumu into a global city in line with the aspirations of The Kenya Vision 2030,The New Urban Agenda (UNHABITAT, Quito 2016) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 11.
 
CKUAA derives its legitimacy pursuant to section 13 (2) (d) and (e) of the Urban Areas and Cities Act no. 13 of 2011 (Amended 3/2019)as a body corporate representing the urban community non-state actors in the City of Kisumu.
 
Currently CKUAA is running a program on URBAN PUBLIC HEALTH & SANITATION which aims to improve the level of public hygiene in the public areas and offering sustainable interventions in urban sanitation in the City of Kisumu. Sanitation as a method of containment and sanitization of human excreta is of utmost importance as it prevents spread of diseases and protects both human and environmental health.
 
CKUAA recognizes that the sanitation gaps in the City of Kisumu calls for a collaborative partnership. Further, CKUAA recognizes that the inadequate sanitation or lack of access to sanitation poses a great threat to human health and degrades the environment in the City of Kisumu.
 
PROBLEM STATEMENT: The City of Kisumu is a transit route to Siaya, Busia, Kakamega, Kisii, Homa Bay, Nandi, Migori, Vihiga, Nyamira and Kericho Counties. The City has about 1million day population and a night population of about 400,000 people. HOWEVER, there are no sufficient numbers of public sanitary facilities that can serve these populations. The few existing facilities are overstretched beyond capacity. Consequently, certain areas in the City of Kisumu have been used as open defecation areas especially at night further compounding risks and exposure of other people to public health problems.

THE PROPOSED SOLUTION: CKUAA would wish to enter into a  concessional partnership with the City of Kisumu on a Design, Build, Operate & Manage (DBOM) Basis for 45 (Forty Five) Modern Environmental-Friendly Public Toilets in various sites within the jurisdiction of the City of Kisumu.

RATIONALE & JUSTIFICATION
Public toilets are a vital spatial and social component in the operation of urban areas night and day, and as necessary element in making cities more equal, accessible and sustainable for all. They are an essential element in achieving urban renewal, effective town planning, economic regeneration and sustainable cities. They have positive implications in the provision for sustainability, transportation, health, crime prevention, urban design and culture, and in the mainstreaming equality and diversity issues into urban planning practice.

The Eco- Public Toilet system manages the waste disposal process; promotes personal hygiene; reduces the bacterial hazard at source; minimizes water consumption; reduces maintenance costs; and harnesses the different motivations of users to encourage them to use, and maintain, the facilities.

Eco-friendly Public Toilets provide Intrinsic Environmental, Aesthetic, and Economic benefits to a city. They provide the infrastructure, basic services and sanitation systems, which meet user’s requirements and promote hygiene. Overall, they can be one of the most effective ways of improving public health and preventing diseases.